�Modals: Obligation - Necessity -� Prohibition - Suggestion�

�Match the verbs in bold to their meanings. Which express: obligation, prohibition,suggestion,necessity, lack of necessity?

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You must hurry or you'll miss your appointment.���A. This is very important: it is��essential.�����������������������������������������

You ought to see your dentist for a check-up. � B. This is forbidden. You're not allowed to do it.

You must eat a balanced diet. ������C. This is necessary.

You need to drink about eight glasses of water every day. � D. I advise you not to do this.

You mustn't park here.� � E. This is a rule/law.

You don't have to study medicine to become a social worker. � F. It would be a good idea to do this.

You shouldn't go out in the sun without a hat. � G. You can do this if you want to but it's not necessary.

In the UK you have ( got ) to be 18 to be able to vote.� � H. It is important that you do this.

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Fill in: ( not ) have to, should ( n't ), need, ought to or must.

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• ��� Although you like spicy food, I think you� use less chilli when cooking.

• �� All medicine �be kept out of children's reach.

• ��� To be healfhy you� exercise regularly.

• ����You���� eat lots of fruit and vegetables.

• ��� Mr Simms����� to have an operation immediately.

• ��� You� check the expiry date on food labels.

• ����We������ replace proper meals with junk food.

• ���� I can stay�in bed late tomorrow as I������ work.

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Which modal verbs express: permission, lack of permission, ability, lack of ability, request, possibility?�

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Could/Would you please help me carry this box?��

You may/can borrow my bicycle as long as�you promise to bring it back before 6pm.��

Jason can speak French and German.��

Carol may/might/could help you if she's free.��

You can't use the computer.��

You can't/mustn't/may not eat or drink in the library.��

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Fill in: didn't have to, needn't have, should ( n't ) have, ought ( not ) to have could ( n't ) have

1. You �gone to bed earlier if you wanted to catch the early train.

2. Helen �eaten so much ice cream. It always gives her indigestion.

3. You �bought a ticket. I had an extra one just in case.

4. I wasn't well prepared for the exam. I'm sure I �passed it.

5. Dennis �pay any medical expenses as he's got private health insurance.

6. Harriet �visited the dentist because she didn't have any cavities.