Mr Atef´s reading passages

Reading 1

A burn is damage to the skin caused by wet or dry heat, chemicals or electricity. Most burns happen at home, and are caused by scalding water, hot oil and grease, or hot foods. Are you suffering from a burn? Not sure how best to treat it? Is it serious? This comprehensive guide will ensure you treat your burns effectively.

Is it a third degree burn?

The mildest burns are known as first-degree burns. They may be red and tender with some swelling. You can treat these yourself provided they cover an area no larger than your hand. More serious injuries may result from fire, steam or chemicals. These moderate, second-degree burns are red and painful with blistering and swelling. Severe, third-degree burns don't hurt to begin with due to nerve damage; the skin is charred or black, white or red. There is no blistering but serious swelling. Severe burns require urgent hospital treatment.

First aid for burns and scalds

Act fast. Even first-degree burns require medical attention if they cover a large area (bigger than the size of your hand). Deeper burns and those caused by electricity need emergency medical attention.

As soon as you can, put the burnt skin under cold running water if possible (running water stays cold), for at least 20 minutes. If there's no water available, use any other cold , non-irritating liquid such as milk or iced tea.

Quickly and carefully remove jewelry or clothes that may constrict the area if swelling occurs.

Cover the burn loosely with a temporary dressing of plastic wrap or a plastic bag (makes sure it's quite pliable and feels comfortable). Put a wet cloth on top to provide cooling…………..the initial 20 minutes of cold-water treatment.

Take great care not to break any blisters. They are nature's protective coating and prevent bacteria getting in. If a blister bursts, clean the area and apply some antiseptic cream before covering with a loose dressing. Leave the burn alone for at least 24 hours so it can begin to heal on its own.